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Labor Management Relations

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        Present-day U.S. Labor Relations Laws: National Labor Relations Act (NLRA): Gives workers the right to join unions, bargain with employers, and strike. The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) enforces these rights and resolves disputes. Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA): Sets rules for minimum wage, overtime pay, and working hours. It protects both full-time and part-time workers in most jobs Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA): Ensures that workplaces are safe by setting safety standards that employers must follow. Equal Employment Opportunity Laws: Protect workers from discrimination based on race, gender, religion, disability, etc., and ensure equal treatment in hiring, pay, and promotions. Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA): Allows employees to take unpaid leave for medical or family reasons (like having a baby or caring for a sick family member) without losing their job.
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Securities Investment

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Securities Investment: Investment: the act of acquiring various assets for a large return in the future.     Real asset: Asset used directly in production (building, land, machinery, knowledge, etc.)     Financial asset: Claims for money or real assets (deposits, bonds, stocks, options, futures, etc.) Three Elements of Investment: 1. Profitability: The purpose of the investment is to use the current economic sacrifices in the future. It's about earning a more significant profit. 2. Risk (safety): Risk that individual investors can bear. Investment targets are selected based on the investment target's level and degree of risk. 3. Liquidity: At a fair price or without loss of price. Ability to quickly and easily monetize holdings. Preferred Stock: Stocks that are given priority over common stocks in the distribution of profits or residual property. Character: 1. Restricted voting rights and limited participation in additional dividends (exchange of bonds) 2. Legal even...
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House's Path-Goal Theory vs. Fiedler's Contingency Model

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House’s Path-Goal Theory: Leaders motivate and guide followers by clarifying goals and removing obstacles. Leadership styles include directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented. Leadership approach adapts to the needs of followers and task demands. Effective in dynamic environments requiring flexibility and employee motivation. Pros Flexible leadership styles to adapt to diverse situations. Focuses on motivating and empowering employees. Encourages collaboration and participation in decision-making. Effective in dynamic and fast-changing environments. Cons Requires leaders to have high emotional intelligence and adaptability. Can be challenging to consistently identify and address follower needs. May not work well in highly structured or routine tasks. Fiedler’s Contingency Model Leadership effectiveness depends on matching the leader’s style with the situation. Leadership styles are task-oriented or relationship-oriented. Situational favorableness is determined by l...
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